SSM框架整合

SSM框架

所谓SSM，即SpringMVC+Spring+Mybatis三个框架的合称，也是目前国内最为流行的企业级开发框架。

虽然目前国内的趋势是SpringBoot，但是SpringBoot只不过是将开发简单化了，使用约定大于配置的规则，对框架进行了自动配置，省略了SSM框架需要手动配置的麻烦。
所以，SpringBoot的底层依然还是Spring框架的那一套模式，那么我们学习SSM框架，利用Spring来整合SpringMVC和Mybatis框架依然还是有必要的，这可以让我们对SpringBoot有更深的了解。

搭建项目环境

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.hrp</groupId>
    <artifactId>my_first_ssm</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <!--注意，这里将项目打成一个war包-->
    <packaging>war</packaging>

	<!--统一管理版本-->
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.4.6</mybatis.version>
        <mybatis.spring.version>1.3.2</mybatis.spring.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.32</mysql.version>
        <druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <lombox.version>1.16.22</lombox.version>
        <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
        <jsp-api.version>2.0</jsp-api.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--springmvc的依赖,这个依赖同时也依赖着spring的其他集合核心依赖，所以引入了这个依赖，就可以不用引入spring的那几个核心依赖了-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--springjdbc的依赖，不在上面那个依赖的依赖范围，事务管理必须要的依赖jar包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring整合aspects框架，后面基于xml配置的声明式事务管理需要用到-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Mybatis的依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
         <!--spring整合Mybatis的依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- MySql的驱动 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- druid连接池，阿里开源项目 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>${druid.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 日志处理 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Lombox插件依赖，主要是用于自动生成getter和setter方法，没有也没关系，自己写getter和setter方法就可以了-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>${lombox.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--jstl表达式的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>${jstl.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- JSP相关的依赖，依赖范围是provided，只在编译和测试时使用 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>${jsp-api.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
   		<!--Maven插件-->
        <plugins>
        	<!-- 编译环境，JDK8-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- 运行环境，tomcat7-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <port>8080</port>
                    <path>/</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

编写配置文件

log4j配置文件

# Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout
# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n

jdbc.properties，配置数据库连接属性

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_database08
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=admin

applicationContext.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">
	
	<!--在application.xml文件中引入jdbc.properties文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
	
	<!--配置dataSource，属性为引入jdbc.properties内的属性-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>

	<!--配置sqlSessionFactory，其中注入dataSource和实体类别名包扫描目录-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--实体类别名包扫描，所有的实体类放在com.hrp.domain包下-->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.hrp.domain"/>
    </bean>
	
	<!--配置mybatis和spring整合之后的持久层扫描-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    	<!--所有的持久层类放在com.hrp.dao包下-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.hrp.dao"/>
    </bean>

    <!--Service层的配置，扫描service包下的所有注解，业务层放在com.hrp.service包下-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hrp.service"/>

    <!--spring提供的事务管理器，注入dataSource-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!--声明式事务管理，事务的通知-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <!--事务的传播行为，所有的保存方法使用save打头-->
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <!--所有的删除方法使用delete打头-->
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <!--所有的更新方法使用update打头-->
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <!--所有的查询方法使用find打头-->
            <tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!--配置切面，service.impl包下的所有类所有方法都进行切面拦截-->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* com.hrp.service.impl.*.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut" />
    </aop:config>

</beans>

springmvc.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">

    <!-- 配置Controller注解扫描，所有的控制层放在com.hrp.controller下-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hrp.controller" />

    <!--处理器映射器，处理器适配器-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- 配置视图解析器-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <!--后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <!--释放静态资源-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

</beans>

web.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
    <display-name>Interview</display-name>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

    <!--编码过滤器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- 配置spring核心监听器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!-- 重新指定spring配置文件的路径 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- 配置springmvc的核心servlet -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!-- 配置springmvc什么时候启动，参数必须为整数 -->
        <!-- 如果为0或者大于0，则springMVC随着容器启动而启动 -->
        <!-- 如果小于0，则在第一次请求进来的时候启动 -->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <!-- 所有的请求都进入springMVC -->
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

编写代码

创建数据库

CREATE TABLE `tb_user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `password` varchar(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=28 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

编写实体类

 import lombok.Data;

/**
 * 实体类User
 * @author hrp
 */
@Data
public class User {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String password;
}

编写持久层，业务层和Web层

• 持久层

  public interface UserDao {
  
      /**
       * 查找所有用户
       * @return
       * @throws Exception
       */
      @Select("select * from tb_user")
      List<User> findAll() throws Exception;
  
      /**
       * 根据id删除用户
       * @param id
       * @throws Exception
       */
      @Delete("delete from tb_user where id = #{id}")
      void deleteUser(Integer id) throws Exception;
  
      /**
       * 保存用户
       * @param user
       * @throws Exception
       */
      @Insert("insert into tb_user(name,password) values(#{name},#{password})")
      void saveUser(User user) throws Exception;
      
  }

• 业务层

  public interface UserService {
  
      /**
       * 查找所有用户
       * @return
       * @throws Exception
       */
      List<User> findAll() throws Exception;
  
      /**
       * 根据id删除用户
       * @param id
       * @throws Exception
       */
      void deleteUser(Integer id) throws Exception;
  
  
      /**
       * 保存用户
       * @param user
       * @throws Exception
       */
      void save(User user) throws Exception;
      
  }

• 业务层接口实现

  @Service
  public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
  
      @Autowired
      private UserDao userDao;
  
      @Override
      public List<User> findAll() throws Exception {
          return userDao.findAll();
      }
  
      @Override
      public void deleteUser(Integer id) throws Exception {
          userDao.deleteUser(id);
      }
  
      @Override
      public void save(User user) throws Exception {
          userDao.saveUser(user);
      }
  }

• Web控制层

  @Controller
  @RequestMapping("user")
  public class UserController {
  
      @Autowired
      private UserService userService;
  
      @RequestMapping("list")
      public String findAll(Model model) throws Exception{
          List<User> list = userService.findAll();
          model.addAttribute("list",list);
          return "list";
      }
  
      @RequestMapping("delete/{id}")
      public String deleteUser(@PathVariable Integer id) throws Exception{
          userService.deleteUser(id);
          return "forward:/user/list";
      }
  
      @RequestMapping("save")
      public String save(User user) throws Exception {
          userService.save(user);
          return "forward:/user/list";
      }
  
  }

测试功能

写到这里，Spring整合MVC和Mybatis就以及完成了，接下来就是测试了。
使用Maven集成的Tomcat插件启动项目，访问localhost:8080
如果你在webapp目录下有index页面，就会直接跳转到inex页面中，如果没有，也可以直接访问Controller暴露出来的接口。
http://localhost:8080/user/list
记得在WEB-INF下创建一个名为jsp的文件夹，将所有的jsp页面放在该文件夹下。

例如：list.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>所有用户</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>所有用户</h1>
<table>
    <tr>
        <td>ID</td>
        <td>用户名</td>
        <td>密码</td>
    </tr>
    <c:forEach var="user" items="${list}">
        <tr>
            <td>${user.id}</td>
            <td>${user.name}</td>
            <td>${user.password}</td>
            <td><a href="/user/delete/${user.id}">删除</a></td>
        </tr>
    </c:forEach>
</table>

</body>
</html>